Improvement in manufacturing rosin-oil



S. W. HAWES.

Turpentine Still.

Patented April 12, 1853.

UNITED STATES PATENT Erica SAML. \V. H-A'WES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 9,662, dated April 12, 1853.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL W. HAwEs, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the llIanufacture of Rosin- Oil; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes it from all other things before known, and of the usual manner of making, modifying, and using the same.

My improvements consist in the arrangement of pipes in such a manner as to discharge the oil during the process of distillation separate from the spirits, acid, and naphtha, while at the same time the last three ingredients are discharged into a separate vessel apart from the oil. This leaves the oil free from smell, and of much better color and quality than when manfactured in the ways now in use, when all the different ingredients are discharged through one and the same worm. Another important improvement is the discharging the still after the oil has all been distilled, and recharging it without cooling down and opening it, by which much time and expense are saved.

The apparatus is constructed, substantially, as follows, but of course there may be many modifications of form, retaining the samemodus openmd'i. A is the still, made of cast-iron, and having a cover and goose-neck of copper or other suitable material. From the cover on one side of the goose-neck there are two pipes, b and c, projecting. One of these pipes, Z), extends a short distance down into the kettle or still A, as shown in the drawings, and leads off above the cover to a steam-boiler (not shown) of any convenient form and position. The second pipe, above named, 0, extends down into the still to the bottom. Above the cover this pipe is divided into two branches, one of which, 0, leads to a tank, and is called the blow-off pipe, through which the residuum is discharged from the still after the process is completed, and the other, 0, is connected with a rosin-reservoir, 0, above the still, by which it is charged. Each of these branches, as well as the steam-pipe Z), are all furnished with stop-cocks (1. Their operation is as follows:

\Vhen the still has nearly run off, I close the cock 9 in the pipe f, leading from the gooseneck, hereinafter described, and also have the stop-cock in 0 closed, and open the stopcock c, leading to the tank of any description, above named, and then open the cock in the steam-pipe b. By means of the pressure of' the steam thus introduced I drive off the residuum through pipe 0 into the receiving-tank, leaving the still empty and ready for another charge. I then close the cooks in b, and c, and open that in c, communicating with the res ervoir of rosin above, and then charge the still anew, which is done in a few moments, from the melted rosin in the reservoir. The cock in pipe 0 is then closed, and that, g, in pipe f, leading from the goose-neck, opened, when the process of distilling again commences without any great interruption. The pipe f, through which the distilled products pass, after being carried out horizontally from the goose-neck a proper distance, bends down and descends in a vertical line some twelve feet, (more or less.) It then curves in a semicircle, and extends upward about the same distance in a line parallel with the first vertical part; thence it makes a semicircular curve, reversed from the first, and again descends, and so on making five (more or less) curves downward, and as many up, and it terminates in a large worm in a reservoir, w. The bore of this pipe I make about seven inches (more or less) in diameter, and at the bottom of each of the lower curves, I affix a worm, z" i i 2'" 2' composed of about three-quarter-inch pipe, each worm being about forty feet in length, coiled in tubs k sufficiently large to hold them say about'twenty inches diameter and twenty inches high. These worms are kept cold by a continued supply of cold water, which enters at the bottom of the tubs and passes off at the top, or near it. The end of the worm is made to enter a vessel, m, where its contents are discharged.

The operation is as follows: When the rosin in the still is brought up to about 212 to 300 Fahrenheit, the water, spirits, naphtha, and acid, as well as all other ingredients, pass off in vapor, and are discharged at any or all of the worms i,- but when the heat is increased to from 400 to 500 Fahrenheit, the oil be gins to run freely over; but as it is volatilized at a temperature so very high above the other products of distillation, so it is more readily condensed, and runs from the first worm 2",

nearly without odor, requiring no refining.

Vhen the oil commences running, which I find varies from the temperature of 400 toto 500 Fahrenheit, I empty the pails or receivers, under the worms, of the naphtha, acid, &c., which they contain, and then replace them. Steam highly heated may be introduced during the process of distilling if found advantageous. By this apparatus Ifind Ican separate the acids, creosote, &c., from the oils while in a state of vapor in a more perfect manner than has heretofore been done, the oil being the lower stratum, and drawn off at the points indicated above, and the different qualities at different places without such accurate care as to heat as heretofore attempted.

I find that by discharging the still by means of the steam introduced, as set forth, that I prevent the inerustation of the still, I save much heat, and I save the necessity of unluting the still for cleansing it; and it will also be evident that discharge cocks or pipes anywhere above the bottom of the still are objectionable from the exposure of joints to the action of the fire, and especially in cast-iron kettles, which are the best decidedly for our purpose.

Having thus described my improvements in making rosin-oil, I Wish it to be understood that I do not claim the form or kind of apparatus set forth, irrespective of its use or particular application, my claims being founded upon the invention or discovery of improvements in the process of making rosin-oil by means of said apparatus, or any other the same or equivalent in principle. Therefore,

I claim 1. I11 the process of making rosin-oil, the charging and discharging the still by means,

substantially the same in principle or mode of operation as those set forth, whereby I save the necessity of unluting, and prevent the incrustation of the still.

2. In the process of making rosin-oil, the separation of the oil from the more volatile products at different and distinct points remote from the still, instead of discharging them all together, as heretofore done, substantially in the manner set forththat is to say, by means of the series of recurved pipes in combination with the series of condensers attached thereto,

as set forth.

SAML. W. HAWES. Vitnesses:

LEVI SLADE, N. M. PERKINS. 

